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This volume comprises the contributions of the colloquium “Les Européens vus par les Libanais à l’époque ottoman” held at the Orient-Institut Beirut in 1998 and consisted of several members of Lebanese universities as well as German and French researchers. The time-period in concern depicts a massive increase of Europeans and therefore also European influence in Lebanon. Europe had not only become a popular travel destination, but also a central subject of reflection for the Lebanese people. After a period of indifference up until the early 19^th century one can progressively remark the increasing concern of the Lebanese authors towards Europe. Their main topics circulate around the issues of the definition of “civilization”, the question of “oriental” identity and the reflection upon various European ideologies of the 19^th century. This volume is mainly textual analysis and assists at exposing the red lines of these discussions.

Bernard Heyberger is a former member of the Ecole Francaise de Rome and obtained his Ph.D. in history before he was habilitated. He is currently a lecturer at the University Haute-Alsace (Mulhouse).

 Carsten-Michael Walbiner was a researcher at the Orient-Institut Beirut from 1995 until 2001 and is at present the head of department at the “Service Académique Catholique des Etrangers” in Bonn. His main field of research is the history of the Christians in the Arab World in the 17^th and 18^th century.